PEARL RIVER 4-S
posted 7-3-'03

TWIN- LENS REFLEX CAMERA

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The Pearl River 4-S is a twin-lens reflex camera with photographic lens and viewing lens. The twin-lens are 75 mm focal length and F 1:3 5, 3 elements in 3 groups. The lens plated a violet-blue thin film. Picture of photography is 12 pictures, size 6 x 6 cm or 16 pictures, size 6 x 4 5 cm, used the roll of 120 film. The viewing can be composed directly through the ground glass screen and the focus can be adjusted by rotating the focusing knob, on the ground glass screen can be view directly the clearness of focusing. The shutting speeds on this camera are 1, 1/2,1/ 4,1/ 8, 1/15, 1/30, 1/60, 1/125, 1/300 second and B. the aperture are 3.5, 4, 5.6, 8, 11, 16, 22. Built-in self-timer and X flash socket, winding by winding wheel and counted though the film counted window.


NAMES OF PARTS

LOADING FILM

1. Turn the back cover switch knob in the direction of "0" arrow mark and let locking lever extend forward. Then open the back cover. (Fig 1) 2 With 16 pictures for take photo, must put 16 pictures frame into back frame of body, if 12 pictures for take photo, then take 16 pictures frame away from back frame of body. (Fig 2) 3. Pull out the lower film spool knob and insert the roll film into the fixed spool knob. Then press down the roll film and push the lower film spool knob inward. (Fig 3)

4. Draw out the front of protective paper of film and insert it into the longer slot of the winding spool core in the upper chamber. Then tighten the protective paper by turning the winding wheel about a round. (Fig 4) 5. Close the back cover. Then turn the back cover switch knob in the direction of "C" arrow mark and let the locking lever move back-ward until the back cover in fastened.

6. Pull out the cover of film counter window. Advance the film by turning the winding wheel. When 16 pictures for take photo, look at the film counted window of 16 pictures, if 12 pictures for take photo, look at the film counter window of 12 pictures, until the number "1" appears in the counter window. It shows the first picture is ready. (Fig 5) 7. After the first picture is taken. you can turn the winding wheel continuously for the next picture until the final picture is completed. 8. After the picture having been taken, turn the winding wheel continuously about 6~7 rounds. Then open the back cover, pull out the upper film spool knob and take off the roll film. (Fig 6)

VIEWING AND FOCUSING

1. Open the viewfinder cover as shown in Fig 7. 2. View the subject appearing on the ground glass screen and rotate the focusing knob until the subject on the screen is sharp, thus the focus is well adjusted. The subject was contained between two red line in ground glass screen are the photographic range of 16 pictures. The subject was contained on whole ground glass screen are the photographic range of 12 pictures.

3. Use the magnifier for finding a sharper image. The magnifier will be raised up by pressing the direct viewing cover inward and it will spring to its original position by pressing down the magnifier frame.

4. When the small square hole for viewing is adopted, press down the direct viewing cover until it clicks into place of the rear masking cover is opened. (Fig 9) 5. Compose your picture through the small square hole of the rear masking cover for viewing, when 16 pictures for take photo is not used. 6. After taking picture press the releasing button at the lower part of the rear masking cover and let the direct viewing cover spring to original position. (Fig 10)

SETTING SHUTTER

	Turn the shutter speed dish and set the red mark to the required speed value on the speed scale. (Fig 11)

RELEASING SHUTTER

	1. Tension the shutter by pulling down the shutter tensioning lever to the bottom until a click is heard. (Fig 12) 2. After tensioning shutter press the shutter release button gently and then a picture taking is accomplished. (Fig 13) 3. When a cable release is used, on the shutter release button screw in the cable release.
	SETTING APERTURE Pull the aperture setting lever and set the arrow mark to the required aperture number. (Fig 14)

Examples of aperture at each F/stop

DEPTH OF FIELD

When you focus the camera on a subject there is a certain range extending in front and behind the subject within which other objects will also appear sharp. This range is called the 'Depth of Field" and it varies with aperture. The larger the aperture, the shorter the Depth of Field, and the smaller the aperture, the longer the Depth of Field. The value on the Depth of Field scale indicate the aperture number and on the focusing knob designate the distance in meter.

After focusing the distance value pointed by the same two aperture number indicates the Depth of Field in the condition of that aperture number. For instance, if the camera is focused to 3 metres with aperture number 16, the Depth of Field is approximately from 2.3 to 5 meter.


FLASH PHOTOGRAPHY

Pearl River 4-S Camera can be used in conjunction  with Electronic Flash in 1/60 second or slower shutter speed to photography in synchronization. Insert the cable plug into the flash socket and choose the distance and aperture according to the Flash guide number. For instance, the Electronic Flash guide number is 16, ASA 100 (21 DIN) film, on the Exposure Table of Flash designated: the distance of subject is 2 meter, then the aperture is 8.

SELF- TIMER
When the self-timer is applied the camera should be stabilized with a tripod. Pull down the shutter-tensioning lever first then push the self-timer lever under, the shutter will go into action at the time 8~12 seconds after pressing the shutter button.

Holding the camera